Why are there different skin colors in humans? Why can't some people distinguish colors?

          People around the world have different skin colors. Some have black, some white, some yellow, some red, or similar skin color. People with yellow skin in the world are people of Mongolian origin. They like to call themselves Huang-ho.

The word Huang means king or chief. In particular, this word is used to refer to the color yellow. There is a huge river in China called Huang-ho. In Chinese, the word Huang means yellow. That river was called Huang-ho because it was yellow most of the time due to floods etc.

             The main skin color is yellow, red, black, and white. Red skin is also called coffee-colored skin. Yellow skin belongs to the tribal tribes of the mountains of Nepal, Chinese, Korean, Japanese, Vietnamese, etc. The red skin belongs to the indigenous people of America, which is also called 'Red Indian'. Black skin belongs to the Negro race of African countries.

                         Fair skin belongs to the English speakers of Europe and America. But, why is the skin of a person like this? why are there different skin colors in humans? Why are the children of black parents white or yellow and the children of white parents not black or red? There are scientific reasons for this. let's talk about them.

Why are there different skin colors in humans?

                               Our skin color is different due to our ancestors, genes, melanin, and sun. In this, the melanin under the upper part of our skin plays a major role. It is either brown in color or black in color. This melanin also helps to block harmful radiation from the sun. Radiation from sunlight causes cancer.

      

       Various substances inside the skin play a role in the color of our skin is different. These substances are affected by different conditions, climates, and chemical processes in the body, so the skin becomes different colors.

                                         The ratio of chromogen in the skin affects what kind of skin it is. There is a substance called melanin in the skin. When sunlight hits it, it turns the skin black. Everyone has melanin in their body, but the skin of those who live in winter has less melanin and the skin of those who live in summer has more melanin.

                                       The darker the skin, the better it is because darker skin absorbs more of the sun's radiation. The darker the skin, the more radiation it blocks. Another element carotene plays a role in the yellow color of the skin. Such subtle elements are mixed in our genes.

                                           Once in the gene, it is automatically passed on to the children, so that the children of black parents are black, the children of yellow parents. They have yellow skin. The face of the primitive man living in Africa had a lot of tears. Those hairs disappeared with time, but because of that, their face became more melanin. Due to more melanin, their skin has become darker.

                            There is a similar reason for the color of the skin to be red and yellow like coffee. If there are more blood vessels in the skin, it will be red, if there are fewer blood vessels in the skin, it will be yellow. White skin color means that there is no color in the skin.

    Interesting Facts about Our Skin

• We think that our skin is as thin as an eggshell, but it is not. 16 percent of our total body weight is skin. Its length in young age is 22 square feet. 45 percent of blood is stored in the skin and the skin is the heaviest part of our body.
• 3 million sweat glands are present in our body. These glands produce about 12 liters of sweat daily.
• 30 to 40 thousand skin cells are changed every minute. In a year, about 4 kg of skin cells become useless, that is, they die.
• Especially women do facials on their faces, that is, they go to beauty parlors and clean their faces in a special way. It is very good to do this. Because, during facial, the face is not only shiny, the dead skin cells of the face are also cleaned and the pores of the skin are opened. This allows pure oxygen to enter the body through the skin.
• The skin itself works by touching, stretching, and sensing vibrations. Millions of nerves are connected to the skin.
• The skin balances the temperature of our body. When the temperature in the body increases, then the skin activates the sweat glands and sweat starts flowing from our body, which cools the body. Again, it narrows the blood vessels in the skin in winter, so that the body temperature does not drop, it remains warm.
• Our old skin dies and new skin grows. This process is going on even when we sleep.
• Even without doing any work or going into the dust, white dust comes out when the body is wet. That is dust from dead skin.
• Millions of bacteria live on our skin, but they are useful bacteria for the body. In a way, the skin is home to bacteria.

Why can't some people distinguish colors?

                       For us, the eye is like a telescope that scientists use to look into space. However, some of them are born and others lose their eyesight due to accidents or diseases. However, it does not mean that people cannot do things without eyes.

The eye is only an organ that perceives the outside world, there is also an inner eye that sees the world, that is the mind-brain. If you have a strong will, even if you don't have an outer eye, you can do great things with the inner eye.

 Although some people have good eyes, they cannot distinguish colors. Such blindness that does not see color is called 'color blind'. But why some people can't distinguish colors? There is a special reason for this let's talk about this.

Why can't some people distinguish colors?

Color blindness does not mean they can't see colors. Color blindness means not being able to distinguish colors in particular. We see all green, yellow, white, black, etc. But because of color blindness, only shades of gray are seen.

This is Because, In our eyes, there are two cells in the retina for color work - rods and cones. The eye contains 130 million rods and 7 million cones. It is found at the back side of our eyes. And the cones are red, green, and blue, and when they are combined, we can distinguish and see colors.

There should be 3 cones to see all the colors. Without three cones, the brain does not get the correct information about which color the eye is looking at. This problem of not being able to distinguish colors is usually passed from mother to child.

The problem of not being able to distinguish colors is more common in women than in men. An Ishihara plate is used to check the problem of color separation.

   Interesting fact about Our Eyes

• Our eyes blink automatically. Generally, a person blinks from 2 to 50 times in 1 minute. Blinking once takes less than 10th of a second. This means that people close their eyes for 1/5 to 5 seconds. However, newborn babies start blinking only after reaching 6 months.
• Our eyes can basically only see three colors red, blue, and green. All thousands of other colors are made from a mixture of these 3 colors. Our eyes can distinguish and see about 10 million colors made by mixing these three colors.
• Our eye weighs only 28 grams on average and measures up to 2.5 cm in width.
• Some of the people have brown eyes and some people have blue eyes. The person who has more melanin in their eyes has brown eyes and those who have less melanin have blue eyes. Scientists believe that blue-eyed people existed only 6,000 to 10,000 years ago.
• Our eyes also have superpowers. It flushes out any dust and debris that enters the eyes within 48 hours and keeps the eyes cool.